Understanding Stroke: Types, Symptoms, and When to Seek Help
Stroke is one of Australia’s leading causes of death and disability, affecting approximately 55,000 Australians annually. A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen. Recognising stroke symptoms early is vital, as immediate medical intervention can drastically reduce damage and improve recovery outcomes. Here are the primary types of stroke and the symptoms to look out for.
Types of Strokes:
Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, caused by a blood clot blocking an artery to the brain. Often linked to conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease, ischemic strokes require urgent clot-busting treatment.
Hemorrhagic Stroke: This occurs when a blood vessel ruptures, leading to bleeding within or around the brain. High blood pressure, aneurysms, and trauma are common causes. Hemorrhagic strokes are serious and require immediate care.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Often called a "mini-stroke," a TIA occurs when blood flow to the brain is temporarily blocked. While symptoms are brief, a TIA is a warning sign of possible future strokes, so it’s essential to seek medical advice.
Symptoms to Watch For: Australia’s Stroke Foundation promotes the F.A.S.T. acronym to recognize the most common stroke signs:
Face: Facial drooping, particularly on one side.
Arms: Sudden weakness or numbness, making it hard to lift both arms.
Speech: Slurred or confused speech, or difficulty understanding speech.
Time: If any of these symptoms appear, act fast and call 000 immediately.
Other symptoms to note include sudden vision changes, dizziness, difficulty walking, or a severe headache. Stroke care has advanced in Australia, but fast action is crucial for optimal outcomes. Knowing the signs can save lives—acting F.A.S.T. can mean the difference between life and lifelong disability.